Final answer:
The most likely cause of pneumonia following the flu is Streptococcus pneumoniae, but other pathogens like H. influenzae or Legionella pneumophila may also be responsible. Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, tailored to the identified pathogen and its sensitivity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most likely pneumonia pathogen in a patient who just had the flu is Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is a common bacterial cause of pneumonia following influenza. Other possible pathogens include H. influenzae and Legionella pneumophila. Treatment typically involves antibiotic therapy, with specific drugs such as levofloxacin or clarithromycin prescribed based on the identified pathogen and potential antibiotic resistance.
Pneumonia often develops as a secondary infection due to a weakened immune system following the flu. Individuals with a history of smoking, asthma, or other lung diseases are at increased risk. Antibiotics used for treatment are chosen based on the sputum cultures, and in cases where bacteria are not the cause or are antibiotic-resistant, viral or fungal infections may need to be considered, potentially requiring a different treatment approach.