Final answer:
The Ottoman state responded to its problems by observing and learning from other countries, supporting scientific advancements, and attempting modernization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Ottoman state responded to its various problems in different ways. One way was by observing and learning from other countries. Ottoman rulers sent delegations to Europe and India to study local systems and make recommendations for improvements at home. They also brought European military advisers to train soldiers and sent Ottoman scientists and engineers to European universities to learn about engineering, history, and military modernization.
Another way the Ottoman state responded to problems was through scientific and technological advancements. As the empire grew, the sultans became patrons of science and supported scientific research and innovation.
Furthermore, the Ottoman Empire attempted to modernize in other ways, but it fell behind its European neighbors in the 19th century. Ultimately, the empire met its end during the First World War.