Final answer:
CSMA/CD is associated with Ethernet in a bus or a logically-configured bus via star topology, which is commonly observed in older Ethernet setups. While star topology using hubs can mimic a logical bus, modern Ethernet networks do not typically use CSMA/CD because of advancements in technology.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) is an access control method used primarily in early wired Ethernet technology for local area networking. The network architecture that supports CSMA/CD is Ethernet, which is designed to handle collisions that occur when multiple devices attempt to communicate on the network simultaneously. As for the physical topology, the most appropriate one is the bus topology, or its more common variation, a star topology configured to function as a logical bus, often achieved with an Ethernet hub or switch that operates in a mode that supports CSMA/CD protocols. However, it's worth noting that modern Ethernet networks have largely moved away from CSMA/CD thanks to the switch to full-duplex and Gigabit+ speeds, which do not experience collisions in the same way and therefore do not use CSMA/CD.