Final answer:
Epithelial tissues exhibit characteristics such as avascularity, and rapid regeneration, have a specialized basement membrane formed by two laminae, intercellular junctions like desmosomes and tight junctions, and a distinct apical surface.
Step-by-step explanation:
To match the specialized characteristics of epithelium with the appropriate description or example:
- Regeneration: Rapidly replace lost cells by cell division
- Basement membrane: Two laminae forming a basement membrane
- Avascular: No blood vessels; abundant nerve endings
- Cell junctions: Desmosomes; tight junctions
- Apical surface: Tissue with a free apical surface
Epithelial tissues are characterized by their limited extracellular matrix, avascularity, and capacity for regeneration. Nutrients reach the epithelium through diffusion or absorption due to the absence of blood vessels. The basement membrane, composed of the basal lamina and reticular lamina, anchors the epithelium to underlying connective tissue. Epithelial cells exhibit polarity with an apical surface that is exposed and free. They are connected by various cell junctions, including desmosomes that provide structural support, and tight junctions that establish an impermeable barrier. These features are essential for the functions such as protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration that epithelial tissues perform.