Final answer:
Normative Ethical Relativism is the theory which states that an action is morally right if it has the approval of one's culture, with morality being seen as a social construct that varies from one culture to another.
Step-by-step explanation:
The theory that an action is right if it is approved by one's culture is known as Normative Ethical Relativism. This concept postulates that morality and ethics are social constructs, which are appropriate to certain people in certain situations and are determined by the cultural consensus. Hence, actions are deemed morally correct if they align with the behavioral norms, roles, and values that have been conventionalized within one's culture.
In Normative Ethical Relativism, there is an implicit understanding that each culture defines its own set of moral laws, which cannot be judged or overridden by any external standards or minority views within that society. This approach sees each culture's predominant ethical view as inherently correct simply because it is predominant. Such a relativist stance has a significant impact on various aspects of society, including politics and the arts, emphasizing tolerance and the inappropriateness of judging another culture by one standard.
Last but not least, it's important to recognize that this theory struggles to account for criticisms of the majority view by minorities, which sometimes lead to moral reforms. It illustrates the complexity of moral reasoning and the influence of prevailing cultural norms.