Final answer:
The conchae (option B) are responsible for increasing the surface area of the nasal cavity, enhancing the warming and cleaning of incoming air, as well as conserving water to prevent dehydration of the nasal epithelium.
Step-by-step explanation:
The structure responsible for the large surface area of the nasal cavity is the conchae. These are bony projections that disrupt and increase the flow of air within the nasal cavity, thereby enhancing air preparation before it reaches the lungs. The conchae, specifically the superior, middle, and inferior nasal conchae, greatly contribute to warming and filtering the air by causing the airflow to bounce along the epithelium where it is cleaned and warmed, thereby maximizing the efficiency of the respiratory system. Additionally, they play a role in conserving water and preventing the dehydration of the nasal epithelium by trapping water during exhalation.