Final answer:
The inner ear consists of the cochlea important for hearing and the vestibule essential for balance, with neural signals transmitted to the brain via the vestibulocochlear nerve.
Step-by-step explanation:
The inner ear consists of the cochlea and the vestibule, which are organs important for the senses of hearing and balance. The cochlea is a fluid-filled, snail-shaped structure that contains the sensory receptor cells of the auditory system, while the vestibule and semicircular canals are involved in maintaining equilibrium. Neural signals from the cochlea and vestibule are carried to the brain stem by the vestibulocochlear nerve.