Final answer:
Contact metamorphism would occur in this setting, where existing rocks are altered by heat from a nearby igneous intrusion. The high temperatures from the expanding magma would cause the minerals in the surrounding rocks to recrystallize, resulting in the formation of new metamorphic rocks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of metamorphism that would occur in this setting is contact metamorphism. Contact metamorphism is when existing rocks are altered by heat from a nearby igneous intrusion. In this case, the red magma expanding from the bottom of the layers would heat up the surrounding rocks, causing them to undergo metamorphic changes.
During contact metamorphism, the rocks in contact with the magma are exposed to high temperatures but low pressures. This causes the minerals in the rocks to recrystallize, resulting in the formation of new metamorphic rocks.
An example of contact metamorphism is the formation of marble when limestone comes into contact with a magma chamber. The heat from the magma causes the limestone to undergo metamorphic changes and turn into marble.