Final answer:
The internal hereditary code that one cell inherits from another is its genome, which refers to the entire genetic complement of an organism. Genes, located in the chromosomes, play a crucial role in determining an individual's genotype and phenotype.
Step-by-step explanation:
The internal hereditary code that one cell inherits from another is its genome. The genome refers to the entire genetic complement of an organism, which is encoded in the DNA. In each chromosome, there are thousands of genes that are responsible for determining the genotype and phenotype of an individual.