Final answer:
An angular unconformity, represented by C, occurs when new sediment layers are deposited on top of eroded and tilted older layers, creating an angle between them.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of unconformity represented by C in Figure 3.8 is an angular unconformity. This type of unconformity occurs when horizontally parallel strata of sedimentary rock are deposited on tilted and eroded layers, which means that there is an angle between the layers below and above the unconformity. An angular unconformity involves three main steps:
1) the deposition of sedimentary rocks; 2) the uplift and folding of the sedimentary layers (which could include tilting); 3) erosion of the uplifted and folded strata; and finally 4) renewed deposition of sedimentary rock layers on top of the folded and eroded ones. This sequence is what gives angular unconformities their characteristic appearance, with the newer layers not mirroring the tilt of the older layers.