Final answer:
Enzymes for the light-dependent reactions are in the thylakoid membranes, whereas the Calvin Cycle occurs in the stroma, both located within chloroplasts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The enzymes for the light-dependent reactions are found in the thylakoid membranes, while the Calvin Cycle takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts. Photosynthesis consists of these two key stages, each having a distinct location within the chloroplast. The thylakoid membranes are home to photosystems I and II, and these structures are crucial for the absorption of light and production of ATP and NADPH. These energy carriers are then utilized in the Calvin Cycle, which is situated in the stroma, the fluid-filled space surrounding the thylakoid membranes.
In the stroma, the Calvin Cycle processes the energy from ATP and NADPH along with carbon dioxide to produce GA3P or G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate), eventually leading to the formation of sugars. The Calvin Cycle is also where carbon fixation happens, a process catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO. This cycle does not directly require light, hence, it is often referred to as the light-independent reactions.