Final answer:
The 'Age of the Gene' refers to the present period, which is characterized by significant developments in genetics and biotechnology that impact various fields like medicine and agriculture, as well as raise ethical and social issues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement 'We live in the Age of the Gene' reflects the significant advancements and focus on genetic research and biotechnology in the current era. The gene theory posits that living organisms' characteristics are controlled by genes, which are segments of DNA holding instructions for encoding proteins. These genes are located on chromosomes and can replicate, express themselves, and mutate. Gregar Mendel's pioneering work laid the foundation for genetic studies, revealing how traits are inherited across generations. Today, genetic and genomic sciences are rapidly advancing, enabling profound insights into the history of life on Earth, genetic commonalities among species, and the potential evolution of life forms. The study of genetics and genomics has led to the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), the capacity to fight diseases, and raised ethical and social considerations.
Thus, the 'Age of the Gene' signifies how genetic knowledge is deeply influencing medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life's history. We're capable of diagnosing genetic diseases, modifying organisms to enhance food production or resist diseases, constructing the tree of life, and grappling with the ethical implications of these powerful capabilities.