Final answer:
Polysaccharides for energy storage like starch and glycogen are branched allowing for quick energy release, while structural polysaccharides like cellulose have straight chains for rigidity and strength in cell walls.
Step-by-step explanation:
The key difference in the structure of polysaccharides that function in energy storage such as starch and glycogen versus those that provide structural support like cellulose is in the type of glycosidic bonds and the branching of the glucose chains. Starch and glycogen consist of α-1,4-glycosidic bonds and are branched molecules, with glycogen being more highly branched than starch. This branching allows for the rapid release of glucose when energy is needed. In contrast, cellulose consists of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, forming straight chains that pack together to create a rigid structure, which is crucial for maintaining the shape and strength of plant cell walls.