Final answer:
Taste buds, located on the tongue's surface in structures called papillae, contain gustatory receptor cells responsible for detecting different flavors such as sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami.
Step-by-step explanation:
Most taste buds are found on small bumps on the surface of the tongue called papillae. Taste buds contain specialized gustatory receptor cells that respond to chemical stimuli dissolved in saliva, important for the sensation of taste, including sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami or meaty flavors. The four types of papillae, including the circumvallate, foliate, filiform, and fungiform papillae, harbor these taste buds in different regions of the tongue. These gustatory cells release neurotransmitters to activate sensory neurons in various cranial nerves, contributign to the sense of taste.
Taste buds are found on tiny bumps on the tongue called papillae. There are different types of papillae found in different regions of the tongue, such as circumvallate, foliate, filiform, and fungiform papillae. These papillae contain specialized taste receptor cells that respond to chemicals in food and drink, and activate sensory neurons in the facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus cranial nerves.