Final answer:
The nervous and hormonal (endocrine) systems work together to regulate digestion and absorption processes in the body, with the autonomic nervous system managing involuntary actions and the endocrine system controlling hormone release.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two systems that coordinate all the digestive and absorptive processes are the nervous and hormonal (endocrine) systems. The autonomic nervous system, a component of the larger nervous system, controls involuntary body functions such as heart rate and digestion, while the endocrine system secretes hormones into the blood that influence the activities of various organ systems, including digestion and nutrient metabolism. These hormones are secreted by several endocrine glands as well as endocrine cells of the pancreas, the stomach, and the small intestine, which all play important roles in the control of digestion and nutrient metabolism. The digestive system in turn provides the necessary nutrients that fuel these endocrine functions.
The two systems that coordinate all the digestive and absorptive processes are circulatory and endocrine systems.
The circulatory system, which includes the arteries and veins, plays a crucial role in supplying the digestive organs with oxygen and processed nutrients and removing waste products. The hepatic portal system, a unique network of intestinal veins, transports blood to the liver for nutrient processing before returning it to the heart. Additionally, the digestive system provides nutrients to support the functioning of the heart and vascular tissue.
The endocrine system, through the secretion of hormones by various glands and cells, helps regulate digestion and nutrient metabolism. These hormones control the release of digestive enzymes and the absorption of nutrients in the digestive tract. In turn, the digestive system provides the necessary nutrients to fuel endocrine function.