Final answer:
Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for bone resorption, which is the breakdown of bone tissue, and they play a vital role in the continuous process of bone remodeling.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cells responsible for the process of bone resorption are known as osteoclasts. These large, multinucleated cells are crucial for breaking down old bone tissue to maintain bone health and are found on bone surfaces. Osteoclasts differentiate from monocytes and macrophages, which are types of white blood cells. The balance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, where osteoblasts are responsible for the formation of new bone, is essential for the dynamic process of bone remodeling. This remodeling process allows bones to be reshaped, tiny flaws to be repaired, and mineral homeostasis to be maintained within the blood.