Question

The short, branched cytoplasmic extensions that allow neurons to receive input signals are called

Answer 1

Dendrites are the short, branched cytoplasmic extensions from a neuron's cell body that receive input signals from other neurons at synapses.

Step-by-step explanation:

The short, branched cytoplasmic extensions that allow neurons to receive input signals are called dendrites. Dendrites are critical for the function of neurons, which are specialized cells responsible for transmitting signals throughout the nervous system. They extend from the neuron's cell body (soma) and function as contacts for incoming signals at synapses. Each dendrite can branch out to form a complex 'tree' structure which increases the surface area for connections with other neurons.

The ample surface area of dendrites allows a neuron to receive signals from thousands of other neurons, facilitating intricate communication within the nervous system. These signals, received by the dendrites, are then transmitted to the cell body and may initiate further electrical impulses that travel down the neuron's axon to reach other neurons or target cells such as muscle cells.