Final answer:
The new Constitution established the federal government's right to tax for common defense, general welfare, and paying debts. Congress has the power to impose various types of taxes that must be uniform throughout the United States.
Step-by-step explanation:
The new Constitution clearly established the federal government's right to tax for the purpose of funding the common defense, general welfare, and paying the nation's debts. This power is granted to Congress, as stated in Article I of the Constitution. The federal government can collect various types of taxes such as income taxes, excise taxes, and duties, and these taxes must be uniform throughout the United States. The power to tax is one of the most important enumerated powers of the federal government.