Final answer:
Franz Joseph Haydn is called the 'father of the string quartet' because he contributed significantly to its development and popularization. Some well-known string quartets by Haydn include the 'Sun' Quartets, 'Erdödy' Quartets, and 'Rider' Quartet. Haydn's use of the scherzo in his string quartets was innovative and added energy and humor to the composition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Franz Joseph Haydn is called the 'father of the string quartet' because he contributed significantly to the development and popularization of this genre. The string quartet is a musical ensemble consisting of two violins, a viola, and a cello. Haydn's string quartets often feature a four-movement structure with a fast, expressive first movement, a slow and lyrical second movement, a lively and dance-like third movement (known as the scherzo), and a brisk and energetic final movement.
Some of Haydn's well-known string quartets include the 'Sun' Quartets (Op. 20), the 'Erdödy' Quartets (Op. 76), and the 'Rider' Quartet (Op. 74, No. 3). These quartets exhibit Haydn's mastery of form, creativity, and expressive qualities.
Haydn's use of the 'scherzo' in his string quartets was innovative. The scherzo is a lively movement that replaced the traditional minuet and trio form. It typically features playful and rhythmic patterns, often with unexpected accents or sudden changes. Haydn's use of the scherzo in his string quartets added a sense of energy and humor to the overall composition.