Question

The proton pump __________.

A. moves H+ and nitrates into the cell
B. generates energy by producing ATP
C. pumps H+ out of the cell, creating membrane potential
D. provides energy for active transport
E. pumps H+ into the cell

Answer 1

The proton pump moves H+ out of the cell, creating a membrane potential which is essential for ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation.

Step-by-step explanation:

The proton pump refers to a mechanism responsible for moving protons (H+) across a cell membrane. The movement is typically against the proton's concentration gradient and requires energy, which is often derived from ATP. This process creates an electrochemical gradient, which is used for a variety of cellular functions.

Of the options provided, the correct answer is that the proton pump pumps H+ out of the cell, creating membrane potential (Option C). This action is vital in the process of making ATP, as it establishes the proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation. The pump does not move nitrates into the cell nor does it generate energy by producing ATP directly; rather, it creates the conditions that allow ATP synthase to function efficiently.