Final answer:
Maslow's hierarchy indicates the needs for self-respect, autonomy, achievement, status, recognition, and attention are esteem needs, located on the fourth level of Maslow’s pyramid. Each level of needs, from basic to psychological, must be fulfilled before an individual can proceed to higher levels. Esteem needs are surpassed only by self-actualization in Maslow's hierarchy.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, a person's needs for self-respect, autonomy, achievement, status, recognition, and attention constitute his esteem needs. These needs are represented on the fourth level of Maslow’s pyramid, just below the need for self-actualization, which is at the top of the pyramid. Esteem needs encompass both self-esteem needs such as self-respect and achievement, as well as the need for reputation or respect from others. Maslow emphasized that individuals need to address and fulfill lower-level needs such as physiological and safety needs before progressing to higher levels like esteem needs and ultimately self-actualization. If basic needs are unmet, energies are directed towards fulfilling those, rather than pursuing higher psychological needs. Maslow's theory is significant within the humanistic perspective of psychology, which underscores the potential for personal growth and self-directed change.