Final answer:
Carbohydrates are broken down into glucose during digestion, which is then used by the body for energy. Therefore, the correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carbohydrates are broken down into their simplest form during digestion, which is glucose. This simple sugar is then absorbed directly into the bloodstream and can be used in metabolic pathways to harness energy, such as producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is essential for cellular functions. While carbohydrates may contain multiple types of sugars, such as fructose and galactose, these too are ultimately converted into glucose during metabolism. For instance, sucrose, commonly known as table sugar, is a disaccharide consisting of glucose and fructose, and during digestion, it is broken down by the enzyme sucrase to release these monosaccharides.
Additionally, maltase breaks down another disaccharide, maltose, into glucose molecules. Similarly, lactase breaks down lactose, the sugar found in milk, into glucose and galactose. These enzymes which facilitate the breakdown of disaccharides into monosaccharides, are present in the brush border of the small intestinal wall. The glucose that results from this process is then used by the body's cells as a primary energy source.