Final answer:
The unit of charge is the Coulomb, essential in describing electrical phenomena and measuring electrical forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unit of charge is called the Coulomb (C). Charge is a fundamental property of matter and is involved in electrical phenomena. Just as mass is related to gravitational forces, charge is crucial for electrical forces. The smallest unit of charge typically encountered is from the proton (approximately +1.6 × 10-19 C) or the electron (-1.6 × 10-19 C). When we talk about current, we refer to the rate at which charge flows, symbolized by 'I'. In terms of energy, one Coulomb of charge at one Volt potential has an energy of one Joule. Additionally, the unit of energy on the subatomic level, an electron-volt (eV), is defined based on the energy given to a fundamental charge accelerated through a potential difference of 1 V. Moreover, when dealing with chemical reactions and the electrostatic force, a unit called the faraday (F), which is the charge on a mole of electrons, is also associated with the Coulomb.