Final answer:
Rekers' research was based on Social Learning Theory and how environmental factors might influence gender identity; however, contemporary research advocates for a nuanced understanding that gender identity is inherently complex and significantly affected by both biological and environmental factors. Current studies indicate the importance of supporting individuals with gender dysphoria to improve their mental health.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rekers' support for Social Learning Theory (SLT) is usually associated with his research on gender development and understanding the process of how children learn and express their gender identity. However, SLT as it pertains to gender dysphoria is more focused on how individuals may learn and internalize gender norms and behaviors through observation and reinforcement within their social environment. The social explanation for gender dysphoria would indicate that incongruence between one's assigned birth sex and one's gender identity may be influenced or reinforced by environmental factors, such as parental practices or societal expectations.
Nevertheless, contemporary research and perspectives, such as those referenced by Olson et al. (2016), have shifted to recognize the inherent aspects of gender identity, including for those who experience gender dysphoria. This research supports the view that gender identity is a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Furthermore, affirming and supporting the gender identity of transgender or gender-nonconforming individuals is crucial for their mental health, reducing occurrences of depression and anxiety symptoms.
Rekers' contribution to the field was largely rooted in behavioral theories popular at the time and may not align entirely with current understandings, which take a more nuanced and supportive approach to the complexities of gender identity and the experience of gender dysphoria.