Final answer:
Mid-latitude cyclones form when there is a westward tilt of the upper-level trough axis behind a surface low pressure, with the Coriolis force influencing the direction of rotation. The cyclone's low-pressure center causes air to flow inward and upward, leading to cloud formation and storm development.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formation of mid-latitude cyclones is a complex process influenced by the Earth's atmosphere and the Coriolis force. The Coriolis force is responsible for the characteristic rotation of cyclones, causing them to turn counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere. Low-pressure systems are central to the development of these cyclones, and under such systems, air flows inward toward the center. This air is deflected due to the Coriolis force, leading to the rotational motion of cyclones. Furthermore, the rising air within these systems results in cooling and cloud formation, which are indicative of the low-pressure patterns that can be observed from space.
Based on the provided information, for the formation of a mid-latitude cyclone, the trough axis at the upper levels, associated with upper-level divergence, should typically be tilted westward behind the surface low-pressure system. The implication is that the surface low pressure should be positioned to the east of the upper-level divergence, establishing a conducive environment for cyclone development and progression.