Final answer:
In phlebotomy, needles should be pitched at an angle of 15 to 30 degrees relative to the skin. Optimal needle angle ensures effective venous access, patient comfort, and reduces the risk of complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
When performing phlebotomy, it is important to ensure that the needle is inserted at the correct angle to safely and effectively access a vein. The needle should be pitched at an angle between 15 to 30 degrees to the surface of the skin when entering a vein for blood collection. A lower angle is often used for superficial veins, while a slightly higher angle may be necessary for deeper veins. Proper technique is critical in phlebotomy to minimize patient discomfort and prevent injury or complications.