Final answer:
The query addresses the anatomical and behavioural distinctions between males and females in various species, particularly lizards, elephant seals, and pine trees, with an emphasis on the pelvis structure and mating strategies.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question seems to focus on the differences between male and female anatomical structures and behaviors in various species. It mentions differences in colouration and courtship displays of lizards, structural differences in the hip bones related to sex determination, mating systems in elephant seals, and the growth and fertilization process of pine cones. For example, it notes that the sciatic notch of male hip bones is narrower and deeper than that of females, indicating the adaptability of the female pelvis for childbirth due to its wider shape. In terms of behavior, the yellow-throated side-blotched lizard's courtship display and the mating system of many females to one male in seal species are mentioned.