Final answer:
To maximize output value, jobs should be done by individuals with a comparative advantage. Specialization and trade based on comparative advantage lead to higher efficiency, production, and global consumption.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a country wants to maximize the value of its output, each job should be carried out by the person who has a comparative advantage in that activity. Specialization based on comparative advantage means that people or countries focus on the production of goods and services for which they have the lowest opportunity cost relative to others. This allows for increased efficiency and productivity, as individuals and nations exploit their unique sets of skills, talents, and geographical advantages. For example, medical degrees are necessary to become doctors, and certain locations are more suitable for specific industries. By capitalizing on these advantages and engaging in trade, overall output and consumption can rise.