Final answer:
The number of police officers required during a vehicle search can vary, but typically at least two officers are present for officer safety. There is no statutory minimum number of officers, and factors such as the situation's perceived risk can influence the number present.
Step-by-step explanation:
When searching a vehicle with a driver and one passenger, the number of police officers required on the scene can vary depending on department policy and the specifics of the situation. There is no universal minimum number, but typically at least two officers would be present – one to conduct the search and another to oversee the vehicle's occupants for officer safety reasons. This is a standard precaution to ensure that the police maintain control of the situation and protect both the officers and the individuals involved. However, the scenario may call for additional officers if the circumstances are deemed to demand increased oversight or if there is suspected danger.
Furthermore, law enforcement must adhere to legal standards such as probable cause before conducting a search, unless certain exceptions apply, such as the motorist giving consent or the search being incident to an arrest. Cases like Georgia v. Randolph highlight the complexities of consent in search situations, specifically within the context of a home but these principles of consent can also apply to vehicle searches.