Final answer:
The abbreviation 'e.g.' stands for 'exempli gratia', a Latin phrase meaning 'for example', used to introduce examples in a sentence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The abbreviation "e.g." stands for the Latin phrase 'exempli gratia', which translates to 'for example' in English. It is used to introduce one or more examples of the subject at hand. In the context of the sentence 'Students who pursue a degree in humanities disciplines (e.g., English, history, philosophy, art, film studies) often have difficulty finding work after graduation', the abbreviation 'e.g.' is introducing examples of humanities disciplines such as English, history, philosophy, art, and film studies.