Question

4. Interest groups seek to influence political processes in ways that benefit their members. In doing so, however, they may not act in the overall public interest.

(a) Describe two techniques interest groups use to influence elections.
(b) Explain how interest groups use each of the following to influence government decision making.
• Issue networks (also known as iron triangles)
• Amicus curiae briefs
(c) Explain how each of the following serves to limit interest group influence.
• The media
• Pluralism

Answer 1

Interest groups use electioneering and outside lobbying to influence elections and engage with issue networks and file amicus curiae briefs to affect government decision-making. The media and the principle of pluralism serve to limit their influence.

Step-by-step explanation:

Interest Groups and Their Influence on Elections and Government Decision-Making

Interest groups utilize various techniques to influence elections. Firstly, they conduct electioneering which includes contributing to campaigns, endorsing candidates, and mobilizing voters. Secondly, they use outside lobbying, such as organizing rallies, to rally public support for a candidate or cause.

To influence government decision-making, interest groups engage in issue networks or iron triangles, which are the cooperative relationships between interest groups, government agencies, and congressional committees. They also submit amicus curiae briefs to present information and arguments in court cases that may affect their interests.

Two factors that serve to limit interest group influence are the media and pluralism. The media scrutinizes and reports on the activities of interest groups, thereby holding them accountable. Pluralism ensures a diversity of groups compete, which prevents any single group from becoming too dominant in influencing policy.