Final answer:
The brain organizes information using various structures, with the prefrontal cortex playing a key role in attention, working memory, and executive functions essential for goal-directed behaviors. The process of organizing information is influenced by sensory inputs, cognitive processing, emotions, and memory, which together enable the brain to respond adaptively to environmental challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ability of the brain to organize information it receives from the body and the environment is a critical aspect of how living systems store, retrieve, transmit, and respond to information essential to life processes. Hormones, incoming sensory information, and cognitive processing contribute to the brain state. Attention is a crucial process that allows the brain to focus cognitive operations on new information, which can be influenced by factors like hunger, fatigue, and threat. Brain plasticity refers to the ability of the brain to remodel itself in response to experience and learning. This plasticity is underpinned by various brain structures including the prefrontal cortex, which is associated with processing complex tasks, organizing thoughts, and directing behaviors towards achieving goals. Sensory information is processed by specialized cortical areas but ultimately integrated in comprehensive behaviors by executive and associative regions of the brain such as the prefrontal lobes.
Moreover, the brain's executive functions, such as working memory and goal-directed behaviors, are attributed to the prefrontal areas of the frontal lobe. These functions enable individuals to focus attention, inhibit distractions, and organize information that is not present in the immediate environment. The sensory cortical areas in conjunction with motor functions, and the influence of memory and emotions, also contribute to how the brain processes and responds to environmental information, which in turn affects behavior.