Final answer:
The turbulent blood flow through arteries during systolic phase produces Korotkoff sounds, which are detectable during blood pressure readings with a stethoscope when cuff pressure allows blood flow to resume.
Step-by-step explanation:
Turbulent blood flow through arteries with each systolic phase creates sounds known as the sounds of Korotkoff. These are audible noises that can be detected using a stethoscope during blood pressure measurements. When a sphygmomanometer cuff's pressure is sufficiently reduced, blood flow begins to return to the artery, which is when these sounds can be heard. The first Korotkoff sound indicates the systolic pressure, while the point at which the last sound disappears is considered the diastolic pressure. Conditions like artery narrowing, aneurysms, and damaged heart valves can create turbulence, which results in these distinctive sounds, and are sometimes associated with the pathological heart murmurs heard in various cardiac conditions.