Final answer:
The four European countries where the Counter-Reformation was successful were Spain, Italy, France, and Austria.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Counter-Reformation, also known as the Catholic Reformation, was the period of Catholic resurgence that occurred in response to the Protestant Reformation. Four European countries where the Counter-Reformation was relatively successful were:
- Spain: Spain was a stronghold of the Catholic faith and played a major role in promoting Catholicism.
- Italy: The Vatican in Rome, the center of Catholicism, was influential in promoting Catholic reforms.
- France: The Catholic Church in France made efforts to combat Protestantism, leading to a strengthening of Catholicism.
- Austria: The Habsburg rulers of Austria were staunch defenders of Catholicism and worked to suppress Protestantism in their territories.