To find the volume of fluorine gas required to produce 1.00g of sodium fluoride, the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and fluorine gas is used. Next, calculate the moles of sodium fluoride and then use the ideal gas law (PV = nRT) with appropriate values to calculate the volume of fluorine gas.
To calculate the volume of fluorine gas at 298K and 100kPa required to produce 1.00g of sodium fluoride by reaction with an excess of sodium, we must first write the chemical equation for the reaction:
2 Na(s) + F2(g) → 2 NaF(s)
Next, calculate the moles of NaF produced using its molar mass:
Molar mass of NaF = 22.99 (Na) + 19.00 (F) = 41.99 g/mol Moles of NaF = mass of NaF / molar mass of NaF = 1.00g / 41.99 g/mol
For every mole of NaF produced, half a mole of F2 is required, according to the balanced equation. Now we can use the ideal gas law, PV = nRT, to find the volume of fluorine gas:
V = nRT / P Where V is the volume in liters, n is the number of moles of F2, R is the gas constant (8.31 J/mol·K or 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K), T is the temperature in Kelvin, and P is the pressure in kPa (converted to atm if using the second R value).
By substituting the values for n, R, T, and P into the ideal gas law, we can solve for V and hence find the required volume of fluorine gas in cm³.