Final answer:
Joe is not in the labor force because he was not actively looking for work in the previous four weeks; merely browsing job listings does not fulfill the criteria of active job searching.
Step-by-step explanation:
Based on the information provided regarding employment status criteria, Joe is not in the labor force. According to the U.S. Bureau of the Census, to be considered unemployed a person must be actively looking for work in the previous four weeks. Joe looked at job listings but did not actively pursue any job opportunities, meaning he did not meet the criterion of actively looking for work. Therefore, he is classified as out of the labor force.