Final answer:
Botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction, leading to flaccid paralysis of the affected muscle due to its inability to contract.
Step-by-step explanation:
When botulinum toxin prevents the release of acetylcholine from the axon terminal, it disrupts the normal communication between nerves and muscles. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that signals muscle fibers to contract. Without its release from the motor neuron, the muscle cannot receive the signal to contract, which results in flaccid paralysis. Prediction: If botulinum toxin is introduced to a neuromuscular junction, it will lead to the muscle being unable to contract, appearing limp and unresponsive. This is because the muscle fibers are not receiving the necessary instructions from the nervous system to engage in contraction.
Biology: What happens when botulinum toxin prevents the release of acetylcholine from the axon terminal?
Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin that inhibits the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from the axon terminal. ACh is a neurotransmitter responsible for transmitting signals from the motor neuron to the muscle fiber, leading to muscle contraction. When botulinum toxin prevents the release of ACh, it interferes with the signal transmission, resulting in muscle relaxation and ultimately flaccid paralysis.
For example, botulinum toxin is used in cosmetic procedures to reduce wrinkles. By blocking ACh release, it prevents the contraction of facial muscles, leading to a temporary smoothing effect on the skin.
Overall, botulinum toxin's ability to inhibit ACh release from the axon terminal disrupts the communication between the motor neuron and muscle fiber, resulting in muscle relaxation and paralysis.