Final answer:
The expected abundance of massive elements can be ranked from lowest to highest: Gold, Carbon, Neon. This ranking is based on the processes of stellar evolution that produce these elements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The expected abundance of massive elements can be ranked from lowest to highest as follows:
- Gold
- Carbon
- Neon
The basis for this ordering is related to the evolution of stars. In stellar evolution, the elements are formed through processes like nucleosynthesis. Carbon is formed through stellar nucleosynthesis in the core of massive stars, while neon is produced in the later stages of stellar evolution. Gold, on the other hand, is primarily produced through the r-process, which occurs during supernova explosions.