Final answer:
System 2 thinking, as described by Daniel Kahneman, is deliberate, conscious, and analytical, as opposed to the fast, intuitive nature of System 1. It requires more cognitive energy and is engaged during complex tasks that necessitate focused attention and rational thought.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to psychologist Daniel Kahneman, System 2 thinking is characterized by being deliberate, conscious, and analytical. System 2 is the mode of thinking that we use when we need to process more demanding and complex tasks that require our focused attention. For instance, navigating through a new city or solving a challenging math problem involves System 2 thinking, which consumes more cognitive energy and requires conscious effort.
Unlike System 1, which is fast, automatic, and intuitive, System 2 is slow, effortful, and more logical. It is the thinking system that kicks in when we are presented with something unfamiliar or when we have to engage in critical thinking and rational calculation. Characteristics such as focusing on detail, avoiding heuristics, and resisting biases are indicative of System 2 processing.