Final answer:
The New York district president is the permanent voting member of the FOMC, which includes seven members from the Board of Governors and five from the regional Federal Reserve Banks.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is responsible for making decisions regarding open market operations as a part of the United States' monetary policy. This committee consists of seven members from the Federal Reserve's Board of Governors and five additional voting members from the regional Federal Reserve Banks. The permanent voting member of the FOMC from these regional banks is the president of the New York district, who has a permanent seat due to the critical role of the New York Federal Reserve in executing open market operations. The other four voting positions on the FOMC rotate annually among the presidents of the remaining 11 regional Federal Reserve Banks. The FOMC holds significant influence on the economy through these policymaking decisions, usually meeting every six weeks or more frequently depending on economic conditions.