Final answer:
Deinstitutionalization has had both positive and negative effects, resulting in the reintegration of some mental patients into the community while also leading to homelessness in others.
Step-by-step explanation:
The effects of deinstitutionalization have been predominantly a mix of success and failure. While deinstitutionalization has led to the reintegration of many mental patients into the community, it has also resulted in a significant number of people becoming homeless. This is especially true in cases where the closure of government-run facilities was not adequately replaced by effective community-based mental health services.
One example of the mixed effects of deinstitutionalization can be seen in the policy implemented by Ronald Reagan in California during the late 1960s. The closure of state-run mental health facilities and their replacement by private board-and-care homes aimed to protect the rights of the mentally ill. However, many private facilities were poorly run and underfunded, leading to homelessness among the mentally ill.
Overall, while deinstitutionalization has brought positive changes for some, it has also had negative consequences for others, particularly in cases where proper community support and resources are lacking.