Final answer:
In classical conditioning, organisms learn to associate events or stimuli that repeatedly happen together. This type of conditioning is called classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning.
Step-by-step explanation:
In classical conditioning, organisms learn to associate events—or stimuli—that repeatedly happen together. For example, when lightning predicts the impending boom of thunder, a person may start to associate the two and jump when they see lightning. This type of conditioning is called classical conditioning or Pavlovian conditioning. Researchers study this associative process by focusing on behaviors and ask if one stimulus can trigger a reflex that can be trained to be triggered by a different stimulus.