Final answer:
The example given is an example of taste aversion, which is a learned association between a specific taste or smell and feeling sick or nauseous.
Step-by-step explanation:
The example given in the question is an example of taste aversion.
Taste aversion is a type of conditioning in which an interval of several hours may pass between the conditioned stimulus (something ingested) and the unconditioned stimulus (nausea or illness). It is a learned association between a specific taste or smell and feeling sick or nauseous.
In the example, Sierra associates the taste of lasagna with feeling sick after swallowing saltwater while boogie boarding, leading to a taste aversion towards lasagna.