Final answer:
The basal ganglia are responsible for movement control and posture, and their impairment is associated with motor disorders like Parkinson's disease, thus the correct answer is C) basal ganglia.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the brain that is primarily involved in disorders affecting motor behavior is the basal ganglia. These interconnected brain areas play crucial roles in movement control and posture, and their impairment can lead to various motor disorders. An example of such a disorder is Parkinson's disease, where damage to the basal ganglia causes motor impairments like shuffling gait. The basal ganglia are also involved in regulating motivation, and damage can lead to significant changes in an individual's level of engagement and interest in daily activities.
The other options listed (A) hypothalamus, (B) hindbrain, and (D) limbic system play different roles. The hypothalamus is mainly responsible for regulating homeostatic processes like hunger and temperature control. The hindbrain contains structures such as the cerebellum, which also plays a role in coordinating movement, but it is not typically associated with disorders of motor behavior to the same extent as the basal ganglia. The limbic system is primarily involved in regulating emotion and memory.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is C) basal ganglia, as it is directly implicated in motor function and related disorders.