Final answer:
Domain names are converted to Internet Protocol addresses by the DNS when transferring information between networks.
Step-by-step explanation:
When information is transferred from one network to another, domain names are converted to Internet Protocol addresses by the Domain Name System (DNS) protocol. This protocol functions as an essential part of the internet's infrastructure, translating the domain names that are easy for humans to remember into numerical IP addresses that are used by computers to locate and communicate with each other on the network. Since its inception, the DNS has supported the growth of the internet, allowing people to connect to websites without needing to memorize complex numerical addresses.