Final answer:
Replicated chromosomes in both eukaryotes and bacteria separate by attaching to different structural features of the cell: eukaryotes use microtubules, while bacteria use the plasma membrane and FtsZ proteins.
Step-by-step explanation:
Replicated chromosomes in eukaryotes separate by attaching to structures called microtubules during cell division, specifically during the mitosis phase. In contrast, bacterial chromosomes, which are found in prokaryotes, do not separate in the same manner as eukaryotic chromosomes. Instead, bacterial chromosomes are attached to the plasma membrane and segregate through a process known as binary fission. During this process, FtsZ proteins form a ring that plays a crucial role in chromosome separation.
Both eukaryotes and bacteria replicate and segregate their chromosomes, but the structural features and mechanisms they utilize are distinct.In bacteria, the chromosome is attached to the plasma membrane and moves to opposite ends of the cell as replication occurs. In eukaryotes, replicated chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers during cell division and are pulled apart.