Final answer:
Chlorine cannot form a hydrogen bond with hydrogen as it does not have the necessary high electronegativity or lone pairs, unlike atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine that can form hydrogen bonds.
Step-by-step explanation:
Chlorine cannot form a hydrogen bond with hydrogen because, despite chlorine being slightly electronegative, it does not have the high electronegativity or the lone pair of electrons necessary to engage in hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonds typically occur when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine, each of which have lone pairs that can interact with the hydrogen's partial positive charge. In the case of hydrogen chloride (HCl), chlorine acquires a partial negative charge and hydrogen acquires a partial positive charge, but the interaction stops there, since chlorine does not match the criteria for hydrogen bond formation.
Moreover, the polar bond in hydrogen chloride (HCl) is indicative of a molecule where a significant difference in electronegativity leads to an uneven distribution of charge. However, this does not facilitate the formation of hydrogen bonds with chlorine atoms. In substances like water, hydrogen bonds are formed because the hydrogen atoms are attracted to the lone pairs of oxygen, an atom with the necessary properties to engage in hydrogen bonding.