Final answer:
The psychodynamic perspective, conceived by Sigmund Freud, posits that behavior is influenced by unconscious drives and unresolved childhood conflicts. Freud emphasized the roles of the unconscious mind, psychosexual stages, and the interplay of the id, ego, and superego in shaping personality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The perspective that believes behavior stems from unconscious drives and unconscious conflicts experienced in childhood is the psychodynamic perspective, originally proposed by Sigmund Freud. According to Freud, our personalities are heavily influenced by our early childhood experiences, including our libidinal, or sexual, development. He theorized that we move through a series of psychosexual stages of development, where at each stage, different areas of the body become the focus of our libido. If these stages are not properly resolved, we may become fixated, resulting in specific personality traits and behaviors.
Freud's concept of the unconscious mind also includes the principle that our behavior and feelings are powerfully affected by repressed memories, desires, and experiences. He introduced the structural model of the mind, comprising the id, ego, and superego. The id is driven by basic urges and desires, the ego attempts to realistically fulfill these urges, and the superego holds our moral standards and ideals. The dynamic interaction between these three systems shapes our behaviors and personality traits.