Final answer:
The headwaters of mountain streams are characterized by turbulent flow, the ability to carry large boulders, and steep gradients. They do not typically exhibit slow and laminar water flow or the ability to carry only small particles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The headwaters of mountain streams have several distinguishing characteristics. These include:
Turbulent flow: Due to the steep gradients and narrow channels at their origin, mountain streams often have fast-moving water that is turbulent.
Ability to carry large boulders: With the high energy resulting from steep gradients, headwaters can transport large sediments, including boulders, especially during periods of high flow.
Steep gradients: Mountain streams are typically characterized by steep slopes, which contribute to the swift current and turbulent flow.
On the other hand, headwaters typically do not have the following:
Ability to carry small particles only: While capable of carrying small particles, the turbulent flow of headwaters can also transport larger materials.
Water flow that is slow and laminar: Headwaters generally have rapid and erratic flow patterns, not the slow and smooth ('laminar') flow found in other parts of a river or stream.