Final answer:
During telophase of mitosis, a cell with originally 10 chromosomes will have 20 chromosomes before cytokinesis divides them equally into two new cells. In contrast, during telophase II of meiosis, four haploid cells will be produced, each having 5 chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a cell originally contains 10 chromosomes, during telophase and subsequently cytokinesis, it would have 20 chromosomes. This doubling occurs because during mitosis, chromosomes are replicated in the S phase of the cell cycle to produce sister chromatids for each original chromosome. In the subsequent division phases of mitosis, the sister chromatids segregate so that each new nucleus receives a complete set of chromosomes.
However, the question may also refer to telophase II of meiosis, in which case the cell will have half the number of chromosomes, or 5 chromosomes in each of the 4 haploid cells. This reduction by half occurs because meiosis is a two-part cell division process that results in gametes (sperm or eggs in animals) with one half the number of chromosomes of the original cell.